Extraction and Identification of Chemical Constituents of the Essential Oil of Rosa Species (2025)

Effect of Different Extraction Methods on Yield and Quality of Essential Oil from Four Rosa Species

Floriculture and Ornamental Biotechnology, 2007

In the present study rose oil was extracted from the petals of four Rosa species i.e. R. damascena, R. centifolia, R. borboniana and Rosa 'Gruss an Teplitz' through solvent extraction through hexane, solvent extraction through ether and steam distillation. R. damascena yielded (0.145%) of absolute oil, R. centifolia yielded 0.11% whereas R. 'Gruss an Teplitz' yielded the least (0.035%) absolute oil. Solvent extraction through hexane yielded more absolute oil (0.11%) than steam distillation (0.075%) and solvent extraction (0.07%) through ether on petal weight basis. Gas-chromatography of the rose oil was carried out for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the oil constituents. Major compounds identified were citronellol, methyl eugenol, geraniol, geranyl acetate, phenyl ethyl alcohol, linalool, benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, rhodinyl acetate, citronellyl acetate, benzyl acetate and phenyl ethyl formate. Both techniques (solvent extraction and steam distillation) yielded oil with differences in the percentage composition of each component, but solvent extraction through hexane proved better (i.e. higher yield and more components) than steam distillation for extraction of essential oil from roses.

Study of Variation and Identification of Chemical Composition in Rosa Species Oil Collected From Different Countries

2016

Amongst 200 species of rose flowers, Rosa damascena Mill.species is widely used in many industries for different purposes. Rose oil being the most expensive oil, the rose oil extracted from Rosa damascena Mill. Species is studied in this review article. Rose oil has many applications in different fields such as cosmetics, perfumery, aromatherapy, flavors, medicines for e.g. anticancer, astringent, anti-inflammatory etc. As the constituents of rose oil differs with the geological variations, in this study data is compiled from nine different countries such as India, Turkey, Iran, Pakistan, China, Saudi Arabia, Romania, Syria and Bulgaria . The volatile rose oil was extracted using different extraction methods and the oil was analyzed using GC and GC-MS. In this article a comparative study of the rose oil from different locations of world showing variation in composition of rose oil due to the climatic, geographical and environmental changes has been carried out.

Essential Oil Composition of Rosa damascena Mill Cultivated in Central Iran

The essential oil of Rosa damascena Mill cultivated in central Iran (Kashan region) from the petals and whole ower (petals and retals), were extracted using a Clevenger apparatus in aqueous and acidic (10% v/v) solutions. Depending on the conditions of the steam distillation, eighteen major components of the essential oil extracts were identiied by GC-MS in a 0.4-1% yield. The volatile components obtained from the retals were compared with the volatile oil from whole owers (retals and petals) in aqueous and acidic solutions. The major diierences were, rst, some of the eeective component in the retals, like-citronellol, which is responsible for the higher quality of the rose oil obtained in a better yield, and, secondly, some of the toxic components, like 2-octanamine (0.47% in E sample), which can reduce the quality of the rose oil and which are completely removed in the acidic solution. According to the GC-MS results,-citronellol (14.5-47.5%), nonadecane (10.5-40.5%), geraniol (5.5-18%) and henicosane (7-14%), were the major components of the oil.

Chemical variability of essential oil components of two Rosa x damascena genotypes growing in Iran

Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 2009

Chemical composition of essential oil from Rosa Damascena mill., growing in new region of Bulgaria

Ukrainian Food Journal, 2016

The objectives of this study are to present the chemical composition of essential oils from Rosa damascena Mill., growing in a new region of Bulgaria. Materials and methods. The rose flowers were harvested in 2016 in the vicinity of the town of Vidin (North-West Bulgaria) in the stage of flowering in two periods-10 May (sample 1) and 26 May (sample 2). The chemical composition of the oil is determined chromatographically. Result and discussion. The moisture of the plants is 82.70% (for sample 1) and 79.04% (for sample 2). The yield of essential oil is 0.08% and 0.03%, respectively. Thirty-nine components were identified in the oil in sample 1 and sample 2. Two groups of compounds were found in hydro-distillated rose oils,-odor carriers and odor fixators. Terpene alcohols are the main components responsible for the characteristic odor of rose oil and represent about 56% of total identified substances. High geraniol content with combination of citronellol, farnesol and nerol results in a strong, sweet, floral fresh rosaceous character of the produced rose oils. The chromatographic profile of the rose oil revealed a significant presence of aliphatic hydrocarbons (31%) which are the main components responsible for the odor stability. The main compounds of essential oils were as follows: β-citronellol (30.24-31.15%); trans-geraniol (20.62-21.24%), n-heneicosane (8.79-9.05%), n-nonadecane (8.51-8.77%), nonadecene (4.42-4.55%) and phenylethyl alcohol (4.04-4.16%). Conclusion. For the first time in new region of Bulgaria essential oil from Rosa damasena Mill. was obtained.

Study of the chemical compositions of Iranian rose flower essence oil (Rosa persica

Iranian rose flower or varak (R. percica sp.) belongs to the rose flowers species. Being a perennial shrub type it has quite a lot of ramifications which propagate by seed. The purpose of this study is to identify the chemical compositions present in the essence of varak plant (R. perisca). For this purpose, this plan was collected from the Ashtian region of Markazi province in (2014) and after drying in ambient temperature the extraction of the essence oil was carried out by implementing steam distillation method. The constituent compositions of the essence oils were separated and identified by the use of gas chromatograph (GC) devices and gas chromatograph connected to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In the essence of these plants 56 compositions were identified so that the main part of this essence was constituted from hydrocarbon (alkans). Among the identified compositions the active ingredient of heptacosane with (11.6) has the highest percentage and after that stands isobutyl phthalate (11.48), nonacosane (8.88), dibutyl phthalate (6.26), pentacosane (5.96), hexadecanoic acid (3.95), linalool (3.8), ethyl linoleolate (3.73), hexyl hexoate (3.67), octacosane (3.43) are the main constituent compositions of this plant.

Temporal variation of essential oils in dried flower of two genotypes of Damask rose ( Rosa damascena Mill.)

Julius-Kühn-Archiv, 2016

Damask rose ( Rosa damascena Mill.) is the most important species in the production of rose water, perfumes and essential oils (EOs), perfumery and pharmaceutical industry applications. In order to exploit the most of this precious Iranian flower, research was conducted on two damask rose genotypes (Fars 1 and Fars 2) in six development stages in terms of EOs content and composition analysis. Results showed that all development stages of damask rose genotypes had significant differences in the EOs content. The highest EOs content was obtained from "Fars 2" genotype. It was found that the oil obtained from the dried petals of Fars 2 genotype contained a higher percentage of citronellol (C), geraniol (G) and phenylethyl alcohol (PEA) as well as a suitable ratio of C/G with the value of 2.464 as compared with Fars 1 genotype (5.546). In the last stages of flower bud development in both genotypes, the sum of the main hydrocarbons increased while citronellol content decreased, ...

Essential oil composition of Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) distilled under different pressures and temperatures

Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 2002

Experiments were conducted on field distillation unit to distil rose oil and rose water from the fresh flowers of Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) under different pressures and temperatures to study and compare the essential oil composition by GC–FID. The monoterpene hydrocarbons and esters were found to be in traces, and stearoptene content was found to be higher in the oil distilled under high pressure, as compared to oil produced under atmospheric pressure. In general, the percentage of total alcohols (55.25–83.41%) in rose oil increased with the increase in pressure and temperature of the distillation. Physicochemical properties of rose oil distilled at varying level of temperatures and pressures are discussed. A comparative study was also conducted of rose oil constituents from dichloromethane-extracted rose water and redistilled rose water under atmospheric and higher pressure. At higher pressure early-eluting components in the GC column were present in traces and decrease in total alcoholic content was observed. It can be concluded that distillation conducted under pressure does not yield good quality oil. However, dichloromethane-extracted rose oil from rose water carries a higher amount of 2-phenylethyl alcohol. The total rose alcohol content present in rose water was higher than in rose oil. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Essential oil composition of Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) distilled under different pressures and temperaturest

Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 2002

Experiments were conducted on field distillation unit to distil rose oil and rose water from the fresh flowers of Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) under different pressures and temperatures to study and compare the essential oil composition by GC-FID. The monoterpene hydrocarbons and esters were found to be in traces, and stearoptene content was found to be higher in the oil distilled under high pressure, as compared to oil produced under atmospheric pressure. In general, the percentage of total alcohols (55.25-83.41%) in rose oil increased with the increase in pressure and temperature of the distillation. Physicochemical properties of rose oil distilled at varying level of temperatures and pressures are discussed. A comparative study was also conducted of rose oil constituents from dichloromethane-extracted rose water and redistilled rose water under atmospheric and higher pressure. At higher pressure early-eluting components in the GC column were present in traces and decrease in total alcoholic content was observed. It can be concluded that distillation conducted under pressure does not yield good quality oil. However, dichloromethane-extracted rose oil from rose water carries a higher amount of 2-phenylethyl alcohol. The total rose alcohol content present in rose water was higher than in rose oil.

Effect of Storage on Essential Oil Content and Composition of Rosa damascena Mill. Petals under Different Conditions

Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 2011

Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) is the most important Rosa species for rose oil production in the world. In the factories, petals of rose are harvested and distilled to produce rose oil and rose water. Petals collected at large quantities in the mornings can not be distilled all together, so some petals undergo varying degrees of fermentation during storage. Therefore, we intend to find ways or methods of preserving petals without undergoing fermentation until distillation. Four storage conditions including storage at-20°C, 10°C, in water at 7°C and-20°C were evaluated. The essential oil content of petals was obtained by hydro-distillation using a Clevenger apparatus. The oils were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography, using flame ionization and mass spectrometry detection. Results indicated that the essential oil content was considerably affected by storage condition and duration. The best results was obtained from petals frozen at low temperatures (-20°C); it makes possible to preserve petals for three weeks without any considerable changes in the oil content and composition. For petals stored at 10°C, the percentage of monoterpene alcohols (citronellol, geraniol, nerol, linalool and phenylethyl alcohol) decreased in comparison to the control (unstored) petals, whereas it increased for other stored groups. Regarding the oil content, an increase was observed in most of results.